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Have you ever heard terms like modulation scheme, orthoganal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), or symbol rate and scratched your head? As new wireless standards emerge, we get excited about the ...

Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Error vector magnitude (EVM) is a measure of modulation quality and error performance in complex wireless systems. It provides a method to evaluate the performance of ...

As our society’s hunger for data grows—not only more data, but more data delivered faster—older modulation schemes based on NRZ-type encoding grow increasingly inadequate. We need to get data from ...