Once upon a time, integrated circuits (ICs) were built by the same companies that designed them. The design of an IC was tightly integrated with the manufacturing processes available within each ...

Have you ever thought about how and why something was designed? Who was considered a “stakeholder” for the design? And what biases are baked within the process of designing something? These are some ...

Process design kits consist of a set of files that typically contain descriptions of the basic building blocks of the process. They are expressed, algorithmically, as Pcells. These descriptions are ...

Process intensification and design encompass a suite of innovative methodologies aimed at achieving radical improvements in efficiency, sustainability, and economic viability in chemical processing ...

The steps of a complex process can be displayed in sequence using a graphic referred to as a process flowchart. The graphic explains the way a process is or should be functioning, depending on the ...