Q. I have prepared projections for a proposed project, and I want to calculate the internal rate of return. Instead of using Excel’s IRR function, should I use simple math formulas so others can ...

Required rate of return (RRR) gives investors a benchmark to determine the minimum acceptable return on an investment considering the risk involved. By calculating RRR, investors can assess whether an ...

One of the many metrics that investors use when evaluating a company is return on assets. The greater the return a company can achieve using a given amount of capital, the higher the valuation that ...

Master calculating cost of equity in Excel using CAPM. Discover step-by-step guidance on market return, risk-free rate, and beta components for effective investment decisions.

Excess return refers to the return on an investment that surpasses the return of a benchmark or a risk-free rate. It measures the performance of an investment in relation to its expected or required ...

Real rate of return adjusts for inflation, providing a true growth measure. S&P 500's real rate is 7.9%, versus a nominal 11.8%, due to inflation. Using real rates in retirement planning ensures ...

If you're aiming to double, triple, or quadruple your investment, it requires more than just luck—it takes strategic planning, patience, and disciplined investing. While no investment is risk-free, ...

If you're picturing a stress-free retirement where you live off investment interest, use this easy formula to calculate how much of a principal you'll need.